General Pharmacology

Pharmacology

TRFarmakoloji

Pharmacology means the science of the drugs

In depth

Pharmacology is conventionally divided into pharmacokinetics (what the body does to the drug: absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and pharmacodynamics (what the drug does to the body: receptor binding, signalling and dose–response relationships). Closely related disciplines include toxicology, pharmacogenomics, clinical pharmacology and pharmacognosy.

Modern pharmacology integrates molecular biology, physiology and biochemistry with clinical trials and pharmacovigilance, spanning the path from drug discovery and preclinical testing to rational drug use in the individual patient.

Clinical pearl

Most prescribing decisions draw on both halves of pharmacology: pharmacokinetics sets the dose and interval needed to reach a target concentration, while pharmacodynamics determines the response and toxicity produced at that concentration.

TRIn Turkish

Farmakoloji

Farmakoloji kelime anlamı olarak ilaç bilimi demektir

Farmakoloji geleneksel olarak farmakokinetik (vücudun ilaca yaptıkları: absorpsiyon, dağılım, metabolizma ve atılım) ve farmakodinamik (ilacın vücuda yaptıkları: reseptöre bağlanma, sinyal iletimi ve doz–yanıt ilişkileri) olarak ikiye ayrılır. Toksikoloji, farmakogenomik, klinik farmakoloji ve farmakognozi yakından ilişkili disiplinlerdir.

Modern farmakoloji moleküler biyoloji, fizyoloji ve biyokimyayı klinik araştırmalar ve farmakovijilansla bütünleştirir; ilaç keşfi ve klinik öncesi çalışmalardan bireysel hastada akılcı ilaç kullanımına kadar uzanan süreci kapsar.

Reçeteleme kararlarının çoğu farmakolojinin iki bileşenine dayanır: farmakokinetik, hedef konsantrasyona ulaşmak için gereken doz ve doz aralığını; farmakodinamik ise bu konsantrasyonda ortaya çıkan yanıtı ve toksisiteyi belirler.

Updated 24.09.2026 16 views Educational reference — verify against current sources before clinical use.

Read next

PharmacokineticsFarmakokinetik

The branch of pharmacology that describes what the body does to a drug: the time course of its absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) and the resulting concentrations in plasma and tissues.

 PharmacodynamicsFarmakodinamik

The branch of pharmacology that studies what a drug does to the body: the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs, their mechanisms of action and the relationship between drug concentration and response.

 Clinical PharmacologyKlinik Farmakoloji

It is the branch of science that comprehensively examines the relationship of drugs that have reached the clinical trial phase on volunteer patients and healthy individuals in all aspects.

 ToxicologyToksikoloji

The science that studies the adverse effects of chemical, physical or biological agents on living organisms, including their mechanisms, detection, risk assessment and the management of poisoning.

 PharmacogenomicsFarmakogenomik

The study of how inherited genetic variation affects an individual's response to drugs, used clinically to guide drug and dose selection.

 PharmacotherapyFarmakoterapi

The treatment or prevention of disease by means of drugs, as distinct from surgical, physical, psychological or other non-drug interventions.