Pharmaceutics & Dosage Forms

Sublingual Administration

TRDil Altı Uygulama
Also known as:Sublingual route

Administration of a drug under the tongue, where it dissolves and is absorbed through the oral mucosa directly into the systemic venous circulation, bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism.

In depth

The sublingual mucosa is thin and richly vascularised, so small, lipophilic, potent drugs can reach effective plasma concentrations within minutes. Suitable candidates are drugs with extensive first-pass metabolism or those needing rapid onset, such as glyceryl trinitrate for angina, buprenorphine and some fentanyl formulations.

Absorption is limited by the small surface area and by swallowing of saliva, which diverts part of the dose to the gastrointestinal route. The closely related buccal route places the dosage form between the gum and the cheek.

Clinical pearl

Patients should not swallow sublingual tablets or eat or drink until they have dissolved; sublingual glyceryl trinitrate can cause hypotension and dizziness, so it is best taken sitting down.

Example drugs

glyceryl trinitrate Buprenorphine Fentanyl
TRIn Turkish

Dil Altı Uygulama

İlacın dil altına yerleştirilip çözünerek ağız mukozasından doğrudan sistemik venöz dolaşıma, dolayısıyla hepatik ilk geçiş metabolizmasına uğramadan absorbe edildiği uygulama yoludur.

Dil altı mukozası ince ve damardan zengin olduğundan küçük, lipofilik ve potent ilaçlar birkaç dakika içinde etkili plazma konsantrasyonlarına ulaşabilir. Uygun adaylar belirgin ilk geçiş metabolizmasına uğrayan veya hızlı etki başlangıcı gereken ilaçlardır; angina pektoriste gliseril trinitrat (nitrogliserin), buprenorfin ve bazı fentanil formülasyonları buna örnektir.

Absorpsiyon küçük yüzey alanı ve tükürüğün yutulmasıyla sınırlanır; yutulan tükürükle dozun bir kısmı gastrointestinal yola geçer. Yakından ilişkili bukkal yolda ise dozaj şekli dişeti ile yanak arasına yerleştirilir.

Hastalar dil altı tabletleri yutmamalı ve tablet tamamen çözünene kadar yiyip içmemelidir; dil altı gliseril trinitrat hipotansiyon ve baş dönmesine yol açabileceğinden oturur pozisyonda alınması önerilir.

Diğer adları:Sublingual uygulama · Dilaltı uygulama
Updated 24.09.2026 0 views Educational reference — verify against current sources before clinical use.

Read next

First-Pass Effectİlk Geçiş Etkisi

The metabolism of a drug in the liver (or gut wall) before it reaches systemic circulation, often reducing the bioavailability of orally administered drugs.

 Route of AdministrationUygulama Yolu

The path by which a drug is brought into contact with the body, such as oral, sublingual, rectal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, inhaled, topical or transdermal.

 BioavailabilityBiyoyararlanım

The fraction of an administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged, and the rate at which it does so; by definition, bioavailability is 1 (100%) for an intravenous dose.

 AbsorptionAbsorpsiyon

The process by which a drug enters the bloodstream from the site of administration, such as the gastrointestinal tract, skin, or lungs.

 Dosage FormFarmasötik Dozaj Şekli

The physical form in which a drug is manufactured and administered, combining the active substance with excipients, for example a tablet, capsule, solution, suspension, injection, cream, transdermal patch or inhalation powder.