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Siponimod Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics

PA166246181 Last updated June 2021 Caroline F. Thorn
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Drugs & chemicals
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Genes
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Conditions
13
Reactions
Siponimod Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics pathway diagram
Siponimod Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics — pathway diagram from PharmGKB / ClinPGx
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About this pathway

Background

Siponimod is a dual agonist of spingosine-1-phosphate receptor1, S1PR1 and S1PR5 developed for treatment of multiple sclerosis. [Article:26856814]. Siponimod also has some low level off target activity at S1PR3 that can result in bradycardia [Article:26856814].

The FDA label contraindicates siponimod for people with CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotypes and sets lower maintenance doses for people with a CYP2C9 *1/*3 or *2/*3 genotype. The DPWG guideline recommends decreasing the dose for CYP2C9 *1/*3, *2/*3 genotypes and to avoid siponimod for the CYP2C9 *3/*3 genotype.

Metabolism

The primary route of metabolism of siponimod is hydroxylation to M5 by CYP2C9 with a minor contribution from CYP3A4 [Article:29735753]. This is followed by glucuronidation to m3 (no candidates specified [Article:29735753]. Additional metabolites not found in Pubchem are shown in figure 3 of Glaenzel et al, 2018 [Article:29735753].

Reactions & interactions (13)

  • Activation
    siponimod S1PR1
  • Activation
    siponimod S1PR3
  • Activation
    siponimod S1PR5
  • Biochemical Reaction
    siponimod m5 siponimod m3
  • Biochemical Reaction
    siponimod siponimod m5
  • Catalysis
    CYP2B6 Biochemical Reaction
  • Catalysis
    CYP2C9 Biochemical Reaction
  • Catalysis
    CYP2C8 Biochemical Reaction
  • Catalysis
    CYP3A4 Biochemical Reaction
  • Catalysis
    CYP2C19 Biochemical Reaction
  • Inhibition
    S1PR1 Demyelinating Diseases
  • Inhibition
    S1PR5 Demyelinating Diseases
  • Leads To
    S1PR3 Bradycardia

Edit history (1)

  • 2021-06-30 Create
Siponimod Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics pathway diagram (enlarged)